Energy Monitoring Systems Analysis and Development: A Case Study for Graph-Based Modelling

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) enables everyday objects to connect and communicate remotely, transforming areas such as smart homes and industrial automation. IoT systems can be standalone or interconnected in a System of Systems, where multiple devices work together towards a common goal. A key application is Energy Monitoring Systems (EMS), which track energy use within communities, using energy production and consumption. Designing this type of IoT systems remains complex and requires careful consideration of heterogeneous devices, their limitations, software, communication protocols, data management, and security. This paper presents a design approach for EMS communities, with a focus on house-level IoT systems. We introduce a model-driven development methodology, a holistic and flexible framework for designing IoT systems across the development and operations lifecycle. Especially, the concept of projectors enables an easy shift between domain assets and provide automation support. The approach is validated with a real-life use case, for which an analysis phase was developed, showing the benefits of using our approach for managing EMS and the automation of the analysis configuration. © 2025 by SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, Lda.