An evaluation of Graph Databases and Object-Graph Mappers in CIDOC CRM-compliant digital archives

Abstract

<jats:p>The Portuguese General Directorate for Book, Archives and Libraries (DGLAB) has selected CIDOC CRM as base for its next-generation digital archive management software. Given the ontology foundations of the CRM, a graph database or a triple store were seen as the best candidates to represent a CRM-based data model for the new software. We thus decided to compare several of these databases, based on their maturity, features, performance in standard tasks and, most importantly, the Object-Graph Mappers (OGM) available to interact with each database in an Object-Oriented way. Our conclusions are drawn not only from a systematic review of related works but from an experimental scenario. For our experiment, we designed a simple CRM-compliant graph designed to test the ability of each OGM/database combination to tackle the so-called “Diamond-problem” in Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), to ensure that property instances follow domain and range constraints.</jats:p> <jats:p>Our results show that 1. ontological consistency enforcement in graph databases and triplestores is much harder to achieve than in a relational database, making them more suited to an analytical rather than a transactional role, 2. Object-Graph Mappers are still rather immature solutions and 3. neomodel, an OGM for the Neo4j graph database, is the most mature solution in the study as it satisfies all requirements, although it is also the least performing.</jats:p>